DAD 310
Sound Design for Film

The Editing Mantra: LISTEN

DAD 310 — Fall 2026

Adapted from Ric Viers’ The Sound Effects Bible. Run every sound effect you edit through these six steps, in order.

  • L - Listen critically
  • I - Identify clicks, pops, and errors
  • S - Signal process (EQ and compression)
  • T - Trim/crop the file
  • E - Examine fade-ins/fade-outs at the zero line
  • N - Normalize/name file

1. Listen critically

Play the file and really listen. Does it sound good? If the recording itself is poor, delete it and record again; no amount of editing fixes a bad source. If it’s good but has problems, the next steps handle them.

2. Identify clicks, pops, and errors

Find the clicks and pops. You can locate the offending waveforms and delete them by hand, or run a noise reduction tool over the file.

Example: Editing and Cleaning Up Audio in Reaper

3. Signal process (EQ and compression)

EQ out unwanted noise and balance the spectrum. Compress if the dynamic range needs taming.

4. Trim/crop the file

Cut the silence off the head and tail, and cut anything that doesn’t belong in the final effect.

5. Examine fade-ins/fade-outs at the zero line

Fades must start and end at the zero line, or you’ll get clicks on playback.

6. Normalize/name file

Normalize peaks to -0.5 dB. Exception: ambiences and sound beds shouldn’t be that hot; peaks between -18 dB and -6 dB are fine there. Then name the file descriptively and embed metadata with useful keywords so you can find it again.